CO2 Airguns
Mainly CO2 guns use a throwaway cylinder, a power let, that is purchased pre-filled with 12 grams of liquefied carbon dioxide, although some, usually more expensive models, use bigger refillable CO2 reservoirs like those usually used with paintball markers.
Carbon dioxide-powered airguns have two important advantages over pre-charged pneumatic air guns: A simpler scheme for compact storage of energy - a little volume of liquid converts to a great volume of pressurized gas. No pressure regulator. Within a temperature variety acceptable to humans there is little need to regulate the inherently suitable pressure for low-to-moderate-power air guns. The vapor pressure is dependent only on temperature, not tank size, as long as some liquid CO2 remains in the reservoir.
These two compensation permit CO2 airguns to be constructed more simply than guns using a pressurized air reservoir. Some CO2-powered airguns have detachable or fixed reservoirs that are loaded with pressurized gas from a larger cylinder. Most CO2 powered guns use the standard 12 gram Powerlet disposable cylinder invented by Crosman. Recently, the same company introduced a new 88 gram throwaway AirSource cylinder that is used in some of their guns.
CO2 guns, like compressed airguns, offer power for repeated shots in a compact package without the need for complex cocking or filling mechanisms. The ability to store power for repeated shots also means that repeating arms are possible. There are many replica revolvers and semi-automatic pistols on the market that use CO2 power. These guns are popular for training, as the guns and ammunition are inexpensive, safe to use, and no specialized facilities are needed for safety. In addition, they can be purchased and owned in areas where firearms possession is either strictly controlled, or banned outright.
Most CO2 powered airguns are relatively cheap, although there are still a few precision target guns on the market that use CO2.
The CO2 system has been used in new non-lethal law enforcement guns, where high power delivery systems initiate rubber batons or bean bags out of a gas-powered launcher, much like a non-lethal system.
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